Everything about Jasmine totally explained
Jasmine or
Jessamine (
Jasminum) (from
Persian yasmin, for example "gift from God", via
Arabic) is a
genus of
shrubs and
vines in the olive family (
Oleaceae),with about 200 species, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the
Old World. The majority of species grow as climbers on other plants or on structures such as chicken wire, gates or fences. The
leaves can be either
evergreen (green all year round) or
deciduous (falling leaves in autumn), and are opposite in most species; leaf shape is simple, trifoliate or
pinnate with up to nine leaflets.
Jasmine tea is also tradtionally said to help against coughs, sore throats or other problems to do with the bronchites, although there's no scientific evidence to support this.
Description
Jasmine
flowers are generally white, although some species have yellow flowers. Unlike most genera in the Oleaceae which have four corolla lobes ("petals"), jasmines often have five or six lobes. They are often strongly and sweetly scented. Flowering is in spring or summer in most species, but in a few species, notably
J. nudiflorum, in winter on the bare branches of this deciduous species.
Selected species
Cultivation and uses
Jasmine is widely cultivated for their flowers, enjoyed in the
garden, as house plants, and as cut flowers. The flowers are worn by women in their hair in southern and southeast Asia. Some claim that the daily consumption of Jasmine tea is effective in preventing certain cancers. Many species also yield an
absolute which is used in the production of
perfumes and
incense.
Jasmine
tisane is consumed in
China, where it's called Jasmine flower tea (茉莉花茶;
pinyin: mò lì huā chá).
Jasminum sambac flowers are also used to make
tea, which often has a base of
green tea, but sometimes an
Oolong base is used. The delicate Jasmine flower opens only at night and is plucked in the morning when the tiny petals are tightly closed. They are then stored in a cool place until night. Between six and eight in the evening, as the temperature cools, the petals begin to open. Flowers and tea are "mated" in machines that control temperature and humidity. It takes four hours or so for the tea to absorb the fragrance and flavour of the Jasmine blossoms, and for the highest grades, this process may be repeated as many as seven times. Because the tea has absorbed moisture from the flowers, it must be refired to prevent spoilage. The spent flowers may or may not be removed from the final product, as the flowers are completely dry and contain no aroma. Giant fans are used to blow away and remove the petals from the denser tea leaves. If present, they simply add visual appeal and are no indication of the quality of the tea. In Okinawa Japan Jasmine Tea is known as Sanpin Cha.
Cultural importance and other information
The Jasmine is the
National Flower of the following countries:
The Philippines, where it's known as "Sampaguita", and is usually strung on garlands which are then used to adorn religious images.
Indonesia, where the variety Jasminum sambac is the "puspa bangsa" (National Flower), and goes by the name "Melati", In the country, especially the island of Java, it's the most important flower in wedding ceremonies for ethnic Indonesians.
Pakistan, where Jasminum officinale is known as the "Chambeli" or "Yasmine".
Syria, it's the symbolic flower of Damascus, which is called the City of Jasmines.
In Sanskrit it's called "Mallika". Jasmine is cultivated at Pangala, in Karnataka, India, and exported to Middle Eastern countries. J. fluminense is an invasive species in Hawaii, where it's sometimes known by the inaccurate name "Brazilian Jasmine". J. dichotomum is also invasive in Florida.
In Thailand, jasmine flowers are used as a symbol of the mother.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Jasmine'.
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